Poverty 1: Introduction
In order to understand the vow of poverty we should have a clear idea of what poverty means.
First of all we should make a distinction between misery and poverty.
By misery we mean the condition in which a person lacks the basic necessities, like clean water, proper and sufficient food, education, safe house, hygiene and medicines. Whenever any of these things is missing, the very life of the person is in danger. Misery is never the plan of God and should never be accepted.
By poverty we mean the situation in which all the above necessities are assured, but no much more than that. What is missing are the unnecessary commodities like vehicles, television, telephone, and the access to a higher quality of things (best food, higher education, proper hospitals etc.).
Poverty can be of two kinds:
Unwanted poverty, where the poor person is not happy about his situation and wants to get out of it.
Chosen poverty, where the person could have had access to a better life, but for some reasons he prefers the simpler one. This is the case of the religious who make the vow of poverty.
The religious are called to make the vow of poverty, but not the vow of misery. There can be situations in which a person can risk his life for a greater good, but this has to happen only in exceptional cases, and for a personal choice. See for example the case of St. Aloysius who left the religious house to go and serve the camp of people affected by plague, or St. Damien who went to live in Molokay, island of lepers. Both eventually got infected and died.
We have to note the fact that poverty will change greatly according to places and times, and the same has to be with the practical way of living the vow.
The vow of chastity is more or less the same for all congregations and all times, the same can be said for the vow of obedience. When we come to poverty, instead, we have differences between congregation and congregation, and sometimes, in the same congregation, from place to place. Of course the difference will not be in the substance of the vow but in the way of practicing it.